Causes, symptoms, treatment methods and prevention of osteochondrosis

Osteocondrosis is a severe spinal disease as it can cause severe discomfort and lead to various complications.Therefore, it should be treated in time and correctly.This can be done at home with drugs, folk medicines, physical education and physiotherapy.All medical measures should be approved by a specialist, otherwise there is a risk of complications.

What is osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis

Osteocondrosis is a degenerative -dynist spinal disease (DDZP) that leads to a violation of the structure of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs.This reduces a reduction in their elasticity and shape change.As a result, the interval between the vertebrae is significantly reduced and the instability of the spine can be observed in this location.

With the abnormal destruction of the tissues, the nerve endings from the spinal cord are pinching, leading to the constant tension of the spinal muscles.This is due to pain and other characteristic symptoms.Clinical symptoms are able to differ, depending on which segment of degenerative disorders.The following classes are distinguished by chondrosis of the spine:

  • cervical;
  • chest;
  • lumbar.

If the pathological process affects several segments, such osteochondrosis is polygens.Frequent disorders have complex symptoms and is much more difficult to diagnose because they can affect areas near each other and remotely.For example, the cervix and lumbar intersection osteochondrosis.

Osteochondrosis

There are 4 stages of osteochondrosis:

  1. First.This is characterized by initial disorders in the intervertebral disc.Usually at this stage, the cartilage, a surrounding vertebrae are covered with cracks.As a result, the reduction of lumen between plates begins.
  2. The second.The fibrous ring covered with cracks is so narrow that the ligaments and muscles of the spine are in contact and rubbed with each other.At this stage, one can show the first painful syndrome.The second stage leads to the development of the vertebrae.
  3. The third.The cartilage laying between the discs occur.Thinning is detected when radiography is performed and the symptoms are pronounced, which is intense.At this stage, the pain syndrome can only be removed using strong drugs.
  4. Fourth.This is characterized by excessive instability of the vertebrae, as the bone growth develops on them - osteophytes.The nerve roots are damaged.Usually, the symptoms disappear slightly at this stage, but are seasonally manifested (the peaks of aggravation occur in the autumn and spring).

Reasons

Osteochondrosis can develop in the background of body hypothermia, with sharp turns that provoke the displacement of the vertebrae and physical efforts.Expert opinions converge that the main cause of the degenerative processes of the spine is the inadequate distribution of load on the spinal column.

In fact, many factors lead to this:

  • weakness of the back muscles;
  • folds down;
  • Changes in walking during pregnancy;
  • curvature of the spine;
  • weight-lifting;
  • Classes of active and power sports;
  • to be in a long period of uncomfortable position;
  • Sitting lifestyle.

In addition, osteochondrosis can be provoked for other reasons:

  • Violation of metabolic processes (lack of zinc, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and other useful trace elements);
  • intoxicating the body with chemicals;
  • genetic predisposition;
  • consequences of infectious diseases;
  • falls, bruises;
  • hormonal violations;
  • nervous shocks;
  • To change the elasticity of the seed.

Differences in the formation of the spinal column can cause degenerative and dyspropic changes.There are provocative factors such as abnormal ossification of the child's skeleton, inadequate physical activity and rapid growth.In this case, osteochondrosis is called youthful or youthful.

If the cause and time of occurrence cannot be determined (at what age the degenerative -dynist process - during adolescence or adulthood), it is called indefinite.

Symptoms

Osteochondrosis can cause various symptoms as all segments of the spine are responsible for distribution of nerve endings to different organs and systems.

All manifestations are divided into 4 groups:

  1. The statistical symptoms involve physiological violations of the shape of the vertebrae.As a result, a person changes posture, head mobility deteriorates and difficulties arise by compensating the spinal column.
  2. Neurological properties are formed in the background of nerve tissue damage.This leads to violation of the sensitivity of the skin and a reduction in the intensity of muscle contractions in certain areas of the body.If the pain syndrome is manifested locally at the initial stage, it begins to influence distant areas as the disease progresses.Neurology includes manifestations such as numbness, tingling and gooseabumps.In osteochondrosis, the symptom of lacega can be distinguished, which is otherwise called symptoms of tension.Excessive tension of the sciatic nerves.This is due to the spinal nerves in the spine or spheres of spheres in the spasm.
  3. Possible vascular symptoms that occur in the background of blood arteries.This is usually observed in the cervical region with osteochondrosis.In this area, the blood flow damaged the brain occurs with oxygen deficiency, resulting in a sense of dizziness, nausea and changes in the sympathetic nervous system.The latter is characterized by longer cramps and chronic ischemia in the internal organs.
  4. Tropical symptoms called SO can be distinguished.These are a combination of vascular and neurological disorders that lead to skin defects and ulcers.

Treatment

Detailed examination of osteochondrosis should be performed and an accurate diagnosis should be determined.First, doctors are a collection of patient illnesses, then use laboratory and instrumental research methods.

Therapy has 3 methods:

  • medicine;
  • physiotherapy;
  • surgical.

Special diet on the spinal column, compliance and minimization of bed rest is greater than treatment of osteochondrosis.When resting, it is recommended to use a solid surface instead of a soft mattress.

At home, you can turn to the first two methods to treat the disease.At the same time, it is advisable to combine them.You can introduce folk methods into therapy to improve their action.

However, mediation on its own is extremely undesirable.All measures and procedures must be approved by a specialist.In the therapy of osteochondrosis, certain rules should be followed when using certain methods.

In fact, if the provision of drug care has not resulted and the disease progresses, surgical treatment will be prescribed.Surgery is performed to stabilize the structure of the spine, to remove intervertebral hernia or to remove completely affected discs.

Drugs

The treatment of osteochondrosis drugs should be comprehensive to stop pain and eliminate other shouted symptoms.To do this, use various groups of drugs:

  1. No -steroid anti -inflammation.It is designed to eliminate inflammatory processes and all types of pain.They also relieve swelling of the tissues.
  2. Soothing. They are used to stop the pain syndrome, but are not affected by the pathological process itself.
  3. Muscle loosers.They are used to relieve the muscle cramps in the spine, which causes the pain to be noticeably reduced.They work by blocking receptors in the affected muscle fibers, which results in the conductivity of the impulses in the spinal cord.The effects of these drugs have short life, but at this time, muscle fibers manage to return to normal sound and use their own protective mechanisms from degenerative-dynist processes.
  4. Vitamins of drugs containing b, d, d, a, e, c, c., phosphorus and calcium.Vitamin-mineral complexes are required to fill the materials in the body, which have been involved in the development of bone and cartilage and metabolic processes.
  5. Chondroprotectors.
  6. Vasodilarative drugs.

In the abnormal pathologies of the muscle bone system, doctors recommend using chondroprotectors that have a cumulative effect and affect the human body after a certain period of time, helping to restore the intervertebral disc.Such drugs are used for a long time, up to 2-3 months.In addition, chondroprotectors fill the gastrointestinal liver and organs severely, so they must be combined with probiotics.

Probiotics

These groups of drugs can be used in various forms.In case of severe pain, injections are usually used for direct administration to the spine.In such cases, patients prescribe injections with chondroprotectors and so -called novocaine blockade.Injections in the affected vertebrae should only be given to the doctor as this is a very difficult and dangerous procedure.Other pharmacological drugs are also not recommended uncontrolled.The dosage and treatment regimen should be determined by a specialist.

With less fear, the ointment and gel can be used, but in this case there are some restrictions.For example, heating agents of local action cannot be used during the worsening of the disease.The most popular drugs in the form of ointments, gels and creams for osteochondrosis are as follows:

Practice therapy

Media physical education for osteochondrosis

Physical education (LFK) will be useful in treating osteochondrosis.Moderate physical activity can improve the muscle bone system.They simulate metabolic processes, restore spinal mobility and strengthen muscle lining.

The doctor should select the methodology and diagram of therapeutic gymnastics as it can change, depending on which pathological process the spine is exposed to.Therefore, it is desirable for classes to be taken under the control of a specialist.After learning the program, the treatment of physiotherapy exercises can be continued at home.

For example, when the cervical region is diagnosed with osteochondrosis, the following simple exercises are recommended:

  1. Tilt your head forward and press the forehead with woven fingers.The patient should prevent pressure.Similar practice is then performed for the occlital part, the left and right temples.
  2. Press your forehead with four fingers as if to stretch the skin for 45 seconds.The operations are performed in different directions.This exercise is designed to restore blood circulation.
  3. Sit on a chair or floor, hold your back at the back and leaned back.With your hand, the chin should be gently pressed up and down.Then make the head head left and right.
  4. Try to get your breasts.In this situation, you have to cross your hand to the back of the head and press it.Stressed for 1 minute, then perform the shoulders movement, lift them and try to reach the ears.

Physiotherapy procedures

Drug treatment gives a good result by combining it with physiotherapy.Electromagnetic treatment, electrophoresis, ultrasonic therapy, etc.Useful in the condition of the vertebrae.Certain types of procedures can be done at home if they buy appropriate portable devices.Mineral waters and healing mud have a beneficial effect.

In the absence of massage contraindications, the patient can be visited by a manual therapist.Reflexotherapeutic activities can be used in the treatment of osteochondrosis - the effect on certain body points.At home, you can lead self -mass.Many techniques contribute to eliminating pain and muscle tone:

  • light strokes the spine region with one or both hands;
  • Muscle crushing with sting or circular movements, non -dirty fingertips;
  • crushing of muscles with palms;
  • Clear elaboration of trapezoid muscles;
  • Longitudinal and harmful clamping along massage lines;
  • Rub the gaps between the ribs.

Folk medicines

You can use the tools to remove pain according to folk recipes.As a result of treatment with herbs and other natural compositions, they only appear with their longer use.

Folk medicines are more beneficial than medicines, as the latter can severely damage the intestine, liver and pancreas in the latter.Therefore, it is advisable to use the methods of non -traraditional drugs after acute pain syndromes have been stopped by drugs.The methods presented should be gradually replaced with medicines when your doctor is recommended.

Many effective recipes are observed:

  1. Honey and potatoes.You need to carry more potatoes, grind on a file, add the same amount of honey.The components should be thoroughly mixed, placed on gauze and used in a painful compression.The application reconciliation should be packaged and left in this position for 1 hour.
  2. Horse-radish.Take 1 sheet of the plant and steam with boiling water.It should be turned over to the painful area and secured.The product must be securely secured and packed in a scarf.The procedure should be done at night and the bandage should be removed - only the next morning.
  3. Hot glass.You need plastic tanks, hot water should be poured on the couch and lying with your back.We recommend trying to move the bottle underneath.The procedure should be done for 30 minutes.
  4. Parsley.Every day you have to eat 1 root of the plant for 30 days.
  5. Pine sprouts.The raw materials must be collected in the spring.The length of the pine nipples should be 2 cm.They must be rinsed and dried.The raw materials should be preserved and sugar should be combined in 2: 1, then mixed thoroughly and inserted into the refrigerator.The product is ready to get a rich brown tint.The mixture should be eaten on 1 teaspoon.3 weeks a day.

When using folk medicines, it is extremely careful to approach the procedures with a warming effect.Such activities can temporarily get rid of pain and inflammation, but are able to harm.During the aggravation periods of the disease, all heating is prohibited as they cause vascular expansion, which may result in swelling.In such situations, apply to treat professionals.The cervical region osteochondrosis is prohibited in any form of warming, as it can provoke strong migraine.

Prevention

Preventing osteochondrosis

All people must take special measures aimed at preventing osteochondrosis.The main rate of prevention is to adhere to proper posture during movement and in a sitting position.

We recommend physical education, contributing to strengthening the muscle bone system and strengthening the muscle pain of the spinal column.

To sleep, you need to select specially designed orthopedic mattresses and pillows.Their advantage is to allow you to repeat the physiological outlines of the spinal column.

The muscle bone system cannot be exposed to excessive load.If necessary, raise the weights, the appropriate technique should be used.

You need to pay attention to dietary nutrition.The diet should be balanced, ensuring normal functioning of the stomach tract.You cannot use large amounts of caffeine, chocolate and alcoholic beverages.Foods should be rich in proteins, calcium and other useful trace elements.